Vače: Difference between revisions
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|findspot=Vače near Litija | |findspot=Vače near Litija | ||
|date=second half of the 5th c. BC | |date=second half of the 5th c. BC | ||
|commentary=<p>The inscription was embossed on the chamfer using a pointed tool. All the characters are easily legible. The first letter consists of a hasta topped by a circle of eight indentations and an additional single indentation above the circle. The letter has in the past been interpreted as a form of ''zeta'' for ''t'' (Marstrander 1927: 20 ff., Prosdocimi & Scardigli 1976: 228), as Etruscan'' f'' (Kretschmer 1943: 186), or as ''iota'' (Schneider 1892: 54, Pellegrini 1969: 50 f., Egg 1986: 228). Mancini (1991) determined it to be a specific sign denoting a dental and concluded the letter to be another variant of the Rhaetic special character for a dental affricate. Schumacher (2004) also argued for a dental reading. This is further supported by a possible Etruscan etymology. Rix (1998) compares Etruscan ''zeri'', which Vetter (1924) translates as "all, everyone". An adjective derived with the genitival suffix ''-na'' results in Etr. *zerisna "belonging to everyone, public". This theory is expanded by Heiner Eichner with his interpretation of Lemn. ''zari['' "for everybody".</p><p>The word occurs six other times in the corpus, usually on objects and in inscriptions with a fairly certain votive function and once on another helmet. If the interpretation is correct, it can be speculated that in these two cases, the word denoted helmets belonging to the community, to be dispersed to helmless individuals when needed.</p> | |commentary=<p>The inscription was embossed on the chamfer using a pointed tool. All the characters are easily legible. The first letter consists of a hasta topped by a circle of eight indentations and an additional single indentation above the circle. The letter has in the past been interpreted as a form of ''zeta'' for ''t'' (Marstrander 1927: 20 ff., Prosdocimi & Scardigli 1976: 228), as Etruscan'' f'' (Kretschmer 1943: 186), or as ''iota'' (Schneider 1892: 54, Pellegrini 1969: 50 f., Egg 1986: 228). Mancini (1991) determined it to be a specific sign denoting a dental and concluded the letter to be another variant of the Rhaetic special character for a dental affricate. Schumacher (2004) also argued for a dental reading. This is further supported by a possible Etruscan etymology. Rix (1998) compares Etruscan ''zeri'', which Vetter (1924) translates as "all, everyone". An adjective derived with the genitival suffix ''-na'' results in Etr. *zerisna "belonging to everyone, public". This theory is expanded by Heiner Eichner with his interpretation of Lemn. ''zari['' "for everybody".</p> | ||
|bibliography=<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);" >Eichner, Heiner (2011)</span>. Anmerkungen zum Etruskischen in memoriam Helmut Rix. ''Alessandria ''5, pp. 67–92.</p> | <p>The word occurs six other times in the corpus, usually on objects and in inscriptions with a fairly certain votive function and once on another helmet. If the interpretation is correct, it can be speculated that in these two cases, the word denoted helmets belonging to the community, to be dispersed to helmless individuals when needed.</p> | ||
|bibliography=<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Eichner, Heiner (2011)</span>. Anmerkungen zum Etruskischen in memoriam Helmut Rix. ''Alessandria ''5, pp. 67–92.</p> | |||
<span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);" >Schumacher, Stefan (2004)</span>. Die rätischen Inschriften. ''Geschichte und heutiger Stand der Forschung ''(= ''Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft ''121)''.'' | <span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Schumacher, Stefan (2004)</span>. Die rätischen Inschriften. ''Geschichte und heutiger Stand der Forschung ''(= ''Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft ''121)''. ''Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, pp. 558-560.<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Eichner, Heiner, Istenič, Janka & Lovenjak, Milan (1994)</span>. Ein römerzeitliches Keramikgefäß aus Ptuj (Pettau, Poetovio) in Slowenien mit Inschrift in unbekanntem Alphabet und epichorischer (vermutlich keltischer) Sprache. ''Arheološki vestnik ''45, pp. 131–142.</p> | ||
<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Rix, Helmut (1998)</span>. ''Rätisch und Etruskisch'' (= ''Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft, Vorträge und kleinere Schriften ''68). Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, p. 48.</p> | |||
<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Mancini, Alberto (1991)</span>. Iscrizioni retiche e iscrizioni camune. Due ambiti a confronto. ''Quaderni del Dipartimento di Linguistica'' ''-Università di Firenze ''2, pp. 77–113.</p> | |||
<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Egg, Markus (1986)</span>. ''Italische Helme. Studien zu den ältereisenzeitlichen Helmen Italiens und der Alpen. Teil 1: Text, Teil 2: Tafeln.'' Mainz: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, pp. 614-620.</p> | |||
<p><span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Marstrander, Carl (1927)</span>. Remarques sur les inscriptions des casques en bronze de Negau et de Watsch. ''Avhandlinger utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. Hist.-filos. klasse ''1926/2, pp. 1–26.</p> | |||
<span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);" >Vetter, Emil (1924)</span>. Etruskische Wortdeutungen. ''Glotta'' 13'','' pp. 138–149. | <span style="color: rgb(230, 126, 35);">Vetter, Emil (1924)</span>. Etruskische Wortdeutungen. ''Glotta'' 13'','' pp. 138–149. | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 19:55, 20 April 2024
| Transliteration | t'erisna |
|---|---|
| Object | bronze helmet |
| Script | Rhaetic alphabet |
| Language | Rhaetic |
| Writing direction | sinistroverse |
| Technique | embossed |
| Condition | non-fragmentary |
| Findspot | Vače near Litija |
| Archaeological context | to be inserted |
| Archaeological culture | to be inserted |
| Date | second half of the 5th c. BC |
Original text
to be inserted
Commentary
The inscription was embossed on the chamfer using a pointed tool. All the characters are easily legible. The first letter consists of a hasta topped by a circle of eight indentations and an additional single indentation above the circle. The letter has in the past been interpreted as a form of zeta for t (Marstrander 1927: 20 ff., Prosdocimi & Scardigli 1976: 228), as Etruscan f (Kretschmer 1943: 186), or as iota (Schneider 1892: 54, Pellegrini 1969: 50 f., Egg 1986: 228). Mancini (1991) determined it to be a specific sign denoting a dental and concluded the letter to be another variant of the Rhaetic special character for a dental affricate. Schumacher (2004) also argued for a dental reading. This is further supported by a possible Etruscan etymology. Rix (1998) compares Etruscan zeri, which Vetter (1924) translates as "all, everyone". An adjective derived with the genitival suffix -na results in Etr. *zerisna "belonging to everyone, public". This theory is expanded by Heiner Eichner with his interpretation of Lemn. zari[ "for everybody".
The word occurs six other times in the corpus, usually on objects and in inscriptions with a fairly certain votive function and once on another helmet. If the interpretation is correct, it can be speculated that in these two cases, the word denoted helmets belonging to the community, to be dispersed to helmless individuals when needed.
Bibliography
Eichner, Heiner (2011). Anmerkungen zum Etruskischen in memoriam Helmut Rix. Alessandria 5, pp. 67–92.
Schumacher, Stefan (2004). Die rätischen Inschriften. Geschichte und heutiger Stand der Forschung (= Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft 121). Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, pp. 558-560.
Eichner, Heiner, Istenič, Janka & Lovenjak, Milan (1994). Ein römerzeitliches Keramikgefäß aus Ptuj (Pettau, Poetovio) in Slowenien mit Inschrift in unbekanntem Alphabet und epichorischer (vermutlich keltischer) Sprache. Arheološki vestnik 45, pp. 131–142.
Rix, Helmut (1998). Rätisch und Etruskisch (= Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft, Vorträge und kleinere Schriften 68). Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, p. 48.
Mancini, Alberto (1991). Iscrizioni retiche e iscrizioni camune. Due ambiti a confronto. Quaderni del Dipartimento di Linguistica -Università di Firenze 2, pp. 77–113.
Egg, Markus (1986). Italische Helme. Studien zu den ältereisenzeitlichen Helmen Italiens und der Alpen. Teil 1: Text, Teil 2: Tafeln. Mainz: Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, pp. 614-620.
Marstrander, Carl (1927). Remarques sur les inscriptions des casques en bronze de Negau et de Watsch. Avhandlinger utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. Hist.-filos. klasse 1926/2, pp. 1–26.
Vetter, Emil (1924). Etruskische Wortdeutungen. Glotta 13, pp. 138–149.
